File-cutting machine



June 17 192%. 1,498,395

A. w. MARKS FILE GUTTI NG MACHINE Filed July 15, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet l June 17, 1924 1,498,395

A. W. MARKS FILE CU'IITING MACHINE iled July 15, 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 W257i 5563: I fizp'enfcgi" June 17, 1924.

A. W. MARKS FILE CUTTING MACHINE Filed July 15 1922 I5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Mar /z .9

Patented June 17, 1924.

AUBREY "J7. MARKS, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

FILE-CUTTING MACHINE.

Application filed July 15, 1922.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, AUBREY l/VYATT MARKS, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing in London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inFile-Cutting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in file cutting machines and refers particularly to machines of the type in which the cutting is effected by means ofa milling cutter or equivalent device which is caused, during its rotation, to advance towards the file being withdrawn when the desired depth of cut is reached.

The blanks are mounted horizontally upon a carriage with their flat surfaces in the vertical plane, a suitable step by step motion being imparted to said carriage to produce the teeth.

The present invention has for its object certain improvements in machines of this type designed to adapt them for the production of so-called half-round files having are shaped teeth upon the curved face thereof.

According to this invention the file is mounted upon a support to which a partial rotary motion is given during the cutting, the said support having at the same time a reciprocatory motion across the face of the cutters.

In order that the invention may be the better understood drawings are appended in Which:

Fig. l is a front elevation of a machine embodying the present invention,

Fig. 2 is an end view as seen from the right hand end of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a plan,

Fig. 4 is a section on line A A Fig. 1 loolring in the direction of the arrow Fig. '5 is an end elevation as seen from the left hand end of Fig. 1,

Fig. 6 is a front view of the file holder,

Fig. 7 is a side view of the file holder partly in section.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, in which only such parts of the machine are identified as are necessary for the proper understanding of the invention, 1 indicates the head carrying the cutters, 2 indicates the carriage upon which the files are supported during the cutting operation and which carriage is supported by and moves along guides up n h a g e bra ket ,4:

Serial No. 575,173.

carried by the frame of the main portion of the machine. The movements of the cutting head and of the carriage are effected in the manner usual in machines of this type.

Bolted or otherwise secured to the upper surface of carriage 2 are brackets and 6 supporting the ends of the file support in dicated generally by 7.

The support 7, as will be seen more clear ly from Fig. 7, is formed in a number of parts the main portion or body 8 comprising a bar which is generally of the outline common to half-round files, and to the inner face of'which part 8 the file is secured with its rounded surface projecting towards the cutters. The inner face of the body 8 at one end is provided with an undercut projection 9 designed to engage the end of the tapering portion of thefile, indicated by 00. The other end of part 8 is provided with a shank 10 of circular cross-section said'shank passing freely through a body 11 having a tapering recess 12 adapted to receive the tang of the file, the shoulders engaging the inner end of body 11 at the point to. The shank 1.0 is screw threaded at its outer end and is provided with a nut 13 whereby when the file is placed in position upon part 8 the body 11 may be forced against the shoulder of the file clamping it securely between the projection 9 and the inner end of said body 11. It will be understood that the flat face of the file engages the surface of the support the curved surface being outermost.

In order to assist in retaining the file a recess it may be provided disposed at a right angle to the recess 12 having its ends of dovetail shaped outline. A bar of suitable outline is driven into the recess 14 thus lying transversely of the tang of the file and holding same against displacement. In order to revolubly connect the parts 8 and 11 the said body 11 is provided at its inner end with a projection 11 of rectangular cross-sectional outline engaging a recess 5 in the adjacent portion of part 8. By this means the parts are capable of independent longitudinal movement without becoming disconnected. Any other method or means of connection may be employed for this purpose.

The support 8 at its smaller end is slotted at 8? and in addition is provided with a re cess 8 designed to be engaged by a pin 15 projecting from the end of a sleeve 19 hereafter more fully described.

The part 16 comprises a tubular body through which passes a spindle 17 the inner end of which is screw-threaded at 18 and engages an internally screwed sleeve 19 sliding in the inner end of part 16 the bore of which is enlarged to contain said sleeve. '21 key or the like permits the sliding movement of sleeve 19 at the same time preventing its rotation independently of the body 16.

The spindle 17 at its outer end is provided with a hand wheel 20 and with a collar 21 held in position against the outer end of part 16 by means of the cap 22. By turning the hand wheel in one or other direction the sleeve 19 is moved towards or away from the file support 8 permitting said support to be correspondingly moved through body 11, thereby permitting a substantially large range of adjustment to permit the file support to accommodate files of different lengths.

Secured to or forming part of body 11, is a pinion 21*, a second pinion 22 being provided upon the part 16. The support for the file, as already explained, is itself supported by brackets 5 and 6 said brackets being slotted at 5 6 respectively. The body 11 and part 16 are provided with gunmetal or other blocks in which they are freely revoluble said blocks being a sliding fit in their slots in, the supporting brackets. Th brackets 5 and 6 are each provided with a check or wing indicated respectively by 5 6 and secured to the inner faces of the said cheeks are racks 23, 24 with which engage the aforesaid pinions 21 22. In order to compensate for the tapered surface of the file the teeth of pinions 21 22 vary in number pinion 21f having more teeth than pinion Consequently when, will be presently more fully described, the file supporting body is moved in the vertical plane the said support will not remain parallel throughout its vertical movement but will travel at one end a less distance than at the other. In the example illustrated the pinion 9.1 is pio vided with 20 teeth whilst the second pinion 22 is provided with only 12 teeth. In order to secure th desired vertical reciprocal motion of the tile support a counter shaft 25 is provided supported in bearings carried bythe brackets 26, 27 bracket 27 being secured to the top of bracket 6 by means of bolts whilst the bracket is bolted directly to the carriage. The shaft 25 is provided with a cam 9.6 of such outline as to impart the desired reciprocal motion to the file carrier. a roller upon a rod 28 engaging the cam, said rod having at its lower end boss bored for the passage of the end of the file carrier as clearly shown in Figs.

1 and 2. Splined to the counter shaft 25 is a worm wheel 25 engaging which is a worm 25 the spindle of which is supported by bearings 25 formed upon the component members of the gear case 25, for which a bracket 25 is provided as clearly shown in Fig. 1. A flexible or other shaft g/ connected to the worm spindle at one end and to a convenient shaft of the main part of the machine at the other end. One method of operating the shaft 25 is shown by way of example in Fig. 2 where 30 indicates a bracket secured to the main frame of the machine and provided with a bearing 31 in which is supported a shaft 31 having at its inner end a wheel 81 engaging a simi aiwheel 31 splined upon the shaft carry h the cutter 1. The shaft 31 at its outer end is connected to the end of a fiexibie shaft y the other end of said shaft y being connected to the spindle of the worm 25". Any other means for imparting the necessary rotary motion to the counter-shaft may, how-- ever, be employed.

Suitable provision ism-ade to hold the gear case stationary against the longitudinal movement of shaft 25.

In order to keep the roller upon rod 23 in engagement with the cam 26*" there is provided upon the file holder a pulley it around which passes, and to which is Secured, one end of a chain 7). The chain passes upwards and over a second pulley c freely mounted on shaft 25 from which it passes around a third pulley d mounted in a bracket (Z said chain having attached to it a weight a, the arrangement being such that. the weight exerts a lifting action on the file holder under which theroller upon the aforesaid rod 28 is always in contact with its cam.

The general arrangement and operation of the main portion of the machine is substantially as in the known machines as 1 also the mechanism for imparting the desired step by step motion to the carriage carrying the file.

The operation of the machine is as follows 1- The file having been secured to the tile carrier and the machine started the cut ting tool is slowly u'lvanced owards the file blank the said blank oeing tilted so that the cutters first contact with one side or c i of the rounded face. As the cutting proceeds the file is moved in a plane at 51 suitable angle to the axis of rotation of the cut ters and at the same time is given a slow rotary motion which con inues until the cutter has acted across the full width of the face of the file. The cutters are then withdrawn and the file rotated back to its original position ready for the next cut, the blank being the same time advanced longitudinally a distance equal to the pitch of the teeth. The direction of the rotary motion of the file support, during the cutting of the teeth, in order to secure the best cutting effect, would be opposed to the direction of motion of the cutters.

VVhe-n the file is parallel throughout its length the compensation necessary in the case of a file having a tapered. body would not be required, and the line of the file support during its movement would be parallel throughout its travel.

Claims:

1. In a machine having a reciprocatory rotary cutting device for cutting arcuate teeth upon files, means for holding a half round blank and means operating said blank holder whereby it has imparted to it, during the cutting of the teeth, both a partial rotary motion and a reciprocatory motion in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the cutting device.

2. In a machine having a reciprocatory rotary cutting device for cutting arcuate teeth upon files, means for holding a half round blank, guides for said blank holder, a pinion at each end of said blank holder, fixed racks engaging said pinions, and means for moving the blank holder backwards and forwards in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the cutting device.

3. In a machine having a reciprocatory rotary cutting device for cutting arcuate teeth upon files, means for holding a half round blank, guides for said blank holder, a pinion at each end of said blank holder, fixed racks engaging said. pinions, the pinionat one end of the blank holder being of a smaller diameter than the pinion at the other end and means for moving the blank holder backwards and forwards in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the cutting device.

at. In a machine having a reciprocatory rotary cutting device for cutting arcuate teeth upon files, means for holding a half round blank, guides for said blank holder, a pinion at each end of said blank holder, fixed racks engaging said pinions, the pinion at one end of the blank holder being of smaller diameter than the pinion at the other end, means for moving the blank holder backwards and forwards in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the cutting device comprising a shaft, means for driving said shaft, a cam upon said shaft, a roller engaging said cam, a rod carrying said roller, said'rod being connected to one end of the blank carrying device.

5. In a machine having a reciprocatory rotary cutting device for cutting arcuate teeth upon files, means for holding a half round blank, guides for said blank holder, a pinion at each end of said blank holder, fixed racks engaging said pinions, the pinion at one end of the blank holder being of smaller diameter than th pini n at he other end, means for moving the blank'holder backwards and forwards in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the cutting device comprising a shaft, means for driving said shaft, a cam upon said shaft, a roller engaging said cam, a rod carrying said roller, said rod being connected to one end of the blank carrying device, a pulley upon the blank carrier, a chain attached and passing over said pulley, guide pulleys for said chain and a weight suspended by said chain.

6. In a machine having a reciprocatory rotary cutting device for cutting arcuate teeth upon files, means for holding a half round blank comprising a blank support, a shank at one end of said support, a sleeve on said shank slidable thereon, a recess in said sleeve to engage the tang of the file, a nut engaging a screw-thread upon the end of said shank, a pinion on said sleeve, a fixed rack engaging said pinion, guides engaging said sleeve, an undercut projection upon the face of the carrier to engage the square end of the file, a recess in the end of the carrier, a pin engaging said recess, an extension carrying said pin, a sleeve slidable on said extension, a screwthread in said extension, a spindle passing through the sleeve and threaded to engage said screw, means for rotating said spindle, a collar on the spindle contained within said cap and abutting the end of the sleeve, a pinion on said sleeve, a fixed rack engaging said pinion, guides engaging said sleeves and means engaging said blank holder whereby it has imparted to it a reciprocatory motion in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the cutting device.

7. In a machine having a reciprocatory cutting device for cutting arcuate teeth upon files, means for holding a half round blank comprising a blank support, a shank at one end of said support, a sleeve on said shank slidable thereon, a recess in said sleeve to engage the tang of the file, a nut engaging a screw-thread upon the end of said shank, a pinion on said sleeve, said pinion being of smaller diameter than the pinion upon the sleeve at the other end of said blank holder, a fixed rack engaging said pinion, guides engaging said sleeves, an undercut projection upon the face of the carrier to engage the square end of the file, a recess in the end of the said carrier, a pin engaging said recess, an extension carrying said pin, a sleeve slidable upon said extension, a screw-thread in said extension, a spindle passing through the sleeve and threaded to engage said screw-thread, means for rotating the spindle, a collar upon said spindle,

a screw cap upon the outer end of said sleeve, a collar on the spindle contained within said cap and abutting the end of the sleeve, a pinion on said sleeve, a fixed rack engaging said blank holder wherebv it has imparted to it a reciprocatory in a ll ll plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the cutting device.

8. in a machine having a reciprocatoryrotary cutting device for cutting arcuate teeth upon files, means for holding a halt round blank comprising a blank support, a shank at one end or said support, a sleeve on said shank slidable thereon, a recess in said sleeve to engage the tang of the file, a nut engaging a screw-thread upon the end of said shank, a pinion on said sleeve, said pinion being of smaller diameter than the pinion upon the sleeve at the other end of said blank holder, a fixed rack engaging r said pinion, guides engaging said sleeve, an

undercut projection upon the face of the carrier to engage the square end of the file, a recess in the end of the said carrier, a pin engaging said recess, an extension carrying said pin, a sleeve slidable upon said. exten sion, a screw-thread in said extension, a spindle passing through the sleeve and threaded to engage said screiv, means for rotating the spindle, a collar upon said spindle, a screw cap upon the out r end of said sleeve, a collar on the spindle contained Within said cap and abntt ig the end of the sleeve, a pinion on said sleeve, a fixed rack engaging said pinion, guides engaging said sleeve comprising a shaft, means for driving said shaft, a cam upon said shalt, a roller engaging said cam, a rod carrying said roller, said rod being connected to one end of the blank carrying device.

9. In a machine having a reciprocatory rotary cutting device for cutting arcuate teeth upon files, means for holding a halt round blank comprising a blank support, a shank at one end of said support, a sleeve on said shank slidable thereon, a recess in said sleeve to engage the tang oi": the file, a nut engaging a SCl'Q\V-tl11GE1Cl upon the end of said shank, a pinion on said sleeve, said pinion being of smaller diameter than the pinion upon the sleeve at the other end of said blank holder, a fixed rack engaging said pinion, guides engaging said sleeve, an undercut projection upon th face of the carrier to engage the square end of the file, a recess in the end of the said carrier, a pin engaging said recess, an extension carrying said pin, a sleeve slidabl upon said extension, a screw-thread in said extension, a spindle passing through the sleeve and threaded to engage said screw, means for rotating said spindle, a collar upon said spindle, a screw cap upon the outer end oi said sleeve, a collar on the spindle contained Within said cap and abutting the end of the sleeve, a pinion on. said sleeve, a fined rack engaging said pinion, guides engaging said sleeve comprising a shaft, means for driving said shaft, a cam upon saic. shaft, roller engaging said earn, a rod carrying said roller, said rodbeing connected to one end of the blank carrying device, a pulley upon the blank carrier, a chain attached to and passing said pulley, and guide pulleys for said chain and a Weight suspended by said haiu.

ll). in a machine having a reciprocatory rotary cutting device for cutting arcuate teeth upon lilr-s, means for holding a half round blank, means for imparting to said blank holding means, during the cutting of the tee al rotary motion and motion transverse to the device, and means for impartin longitudinal step by step movemeni to the biank holding means. I

11. In machine having a reciprocatory rotary cutting device for cutting arcuate teeth upon files, means for holding a halt round blank, means for operating said blank holder whereby it has imparted to it, during the cutting of the teeth, both a partial rotary motion and a reciprocatory motion in plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the cutting device, and means for imparting longitudinal step by step movement to the blank holding means.

12. A machine for cutting arcuate teeth upon half-round files comprising a reciprocatory rotary cutting device, blank holding means, guides "for said blank holder, a pinion at each end of said blank holder. fixed racks engaging said pinions the pinion at one end oil? the blank holder being of smaller dianieter than the pinion at the other end, means for moving the blank holder backwards and forwards at a right angle to the axis 01"? the cutting device. comprising a shaft, means for driving said shaft, a cam upon said shaft, a roller engaging said cam, a rod carrying said roller said rod being connected to one end oli-the blank carrying device, a pulley upon the blank carrier, a chain attached to and passing over said pulley, guide pulleys tor said chain and Weight suspended by said chain.

13. A machine for cutting arcuate teeth upon half-round files comprising a reciprocatory rotary cutting device. blank holding means comprising a blank support, a shank at one end of said support, a sleeve on said shank slidable thereon, a recess in said sleeve to engage the tang of the file. a nut engaging a screwthread upon the end of said shank, a pinion on said sleeve, a fixed rack engaging said pinion. guides engaging said sleeve, an undercut projection upon the face of the carrier to engage the square end of the file, a recess in the end of the said carrier, a pin engaging said recess, an extension carrying said pin, a sleeve slidable on said extension, a screivthread in said extension, a spindle passing through the sleeve and threaded to engage said screw, means for rotating said spindle, a collar upon said spindle, a screw cap upon ill? the outer end of said sleeve, a collar on the spindle contained within said cap and abutting the end of the sleeve, a pinion on said sleeve, a fixed rack engaging said pinion, guides engaging said sleeve and means engaging said blank holder whereby it has imparted to it a reciprocatory motion in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the cutting device.

14:. A machine for cutting arcuate teeth upon half-round files comprising a reciprocatory rotary cutting device, blank holding means comprising ablank support, a shank at one end of said support, a sleeve on said shank slidable thereon, a recess in said sleeve to engage the tang of the file, a nut engaging a screwthread upon the end of said shank, a pinion on said sleeve, said pinion being of smaller diameter than the pinion upon the sleeve at the other end of said blank holder, a fixed rack engaging said pinion, guides engaging said sleeve,

an undercut projection upon the face of the carrier to engage the square end of the file, a recess in the end of the said carrier, a pin engaging said recess, an extension carrying said pin, a sleeve slid-able upon said extension, a screwthread in said extension, a spindle passing through the sleeve and threaded to engage said screwthread, means for rotating the spindle, a collar upon said spindle, a screw cap upon the outer end of said sleeve, a collar on the spindle contained within said cap and abutting the end of the sleeve, a pinion on said sleeve, a fixed rack engaging said blank holder whereby it has imparted to it a reciprocatory motion in a plane parallel to the plane of rotation of the cutting device.

15. A machine for cutting arcuate teeth upon half-round files comprising a reciprocatory rotary cutting device, blank holding means comprising a blank support, a shank at one end of said support, a sleeve on said shank slidable thereon, a recess in said sleeve to engage the tang of the file, a nut engaging a screwthread upon the end of said shank, a pinion on said sleeve said pinion being of smaller diameter than the pinion upon the sleeve at the other end of the said blank holder, a fixed rack engaging said pinion, guides engaging said sleeve, an undercut projection upon the face of the carrier to engage the square end of the file, a recess in the end of the said carrier, a pin engaging said recess, an extension carrying said pin, a sleeve slidable upon said extension, a screw thread in said extension, a spindle passing through the sleeve and threaded to engage said screw, means for rotating said spindle, a collar upon said spindle, a screw cap upon the outer end of said sleeve, a collar on the spindle contained within said cap and abutting the end of sleeve, a pinion on said sleeve, a fixed rack engaging said pinion, guides engaging said sleeve comprising a shaft, means for driving said shaft, a cam upon said shaft, a roller engaging said cam, a rod carrying said roller said rod being connected to one end of the blank carrying device.

16. A machine for cutting arcuate teeth upon half-round files comprising a reciprocatory rotary cutting device, blank holding means comprising a blank support, a shankat one end of said support, a sleeve on said shank slidable thereon, a recess in said sleeve to engage the tang of the file, a nut engaging a screwthread upon the end of said shank, a pinion on said sleeve said pinion being of smaller diameter than the pinion upon the sleeve at the other end of said blank holder, a fixed rack engaging said pinion, guides engaging said sleeve, an undercut projection upon the face of the carrier to engage the square end of the file, a recess in the end of the said carrier, a pin engaging said recess, an extension carrying said pin, a sleeve slidable upon said extension, a screwthread in said extension, a spindle passing through the sleeve and threaded to engage said screw, means for rotating said spindle, a collar upon said spindle, a screw cap upon the outer end of said sleeve, a collar on the spindle contained within said cap and abutting the end of the sleeve, a pinion on said sleeve, a fixed rack engaging said pinion, guides engaging said sleeve comprisiing a shaft, means for driving said shaft, a cam upon said shaft, a roller engaging said cam, a rod carrying said roller said rod being connected to one end of the blank carrying device, a pulley upon the blank carrier, a chain attached to and passing over said pulley, guide pulleys for said chain and a weight suspended by said chain.

in testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and aflixed my seal in the presence of two witnesses.

AUBREY WV. MARKS. Witnesses:

N. H. SrUnoENs, A. E. MANN. 

